Evaluation in mathematics

Projected and non projected aids

Role of Seminars, Workshops and Projects

ROLE OF SEMINARS, WORKSHOPS AND PROJECTS IN QUALITY IMPROVEMENT

SEMINAR

            It is an activity (or) a programme where in a person gives a conceptual explanation of a topic. The topic may or may not be related to curriculum. It may be in-depth study, by means of library work or experiments or data collections. Usually the duration of the activity depends on the topic and is decided by the participant himself.

                It involves generating situation for a group to have guided interaction among themselves. On a theme which is generally presented to the group by one or more members the material collected should put in the form of a paper which is circulated among the participants in advance.

                The participants may use the projector, slides, models, charts etc., and a part from a black board.

                Thus, a seminar is an instructional technique of higher learning which involves paper reading on a theme and followed by the group discussion to clarify the complex aspect of the themes. In seminars paper readers reads the topic clearly one by one of lost the group discussion started clarify the doubts.

Role of seminar in Quality improvement:

            The seminar plays a vital role in the Quality improvement.  As said above it is an effective instructional technique of higher learning, it develops importantly two domain of the personality. They are cognitive and the affective domains.

1. It develops the cognitive abilities like thinking, synthesizing and evaluating.

2. It develops the ability of reasoning among the individuals.

3. The ability of keen observation can be developed with the help of seminars.

4. Develop the ability to seek clarification and defend the ideas of others effectively.

If develops the following Affective abilities like,

1. Developing the feeling of Tolerance.

2. The feeling of co-operating with other colleagues will be developed.

3. Seminars develop the emotional stability among the participants.

4. Acquiring good manners of questioning and answering.

The person giving seminar gets a better and through understanding of the topic chosen by him during the preparation, presentation and post seminar discussion, with much freedom of expression, he develops his personality and qualities like public speaking communication skills etc.

             It helps in representing norms of behaviors of participants. It develops better learning habits. Seminars are learner centered thus provides learning through inquiry; it is useful at all levels of instructions. Thus a seminar goes a long way in nurturing the talents of the participants and improving the Quality.

Procedure of Seminar:

1. A person who presents the theme should have studied the theme thoroughly before hand.

2. The organized material should be put in the form of papers and circulated to the members in advance.

3. After presenting the theme, it should be discussed by the group.

4. During discussion participants may

 a).Seek clarification of the theme presented

b).Make observations in the light of their knowledge and

c).Raise issues relating to the theme for further analysis and evaluation.

   d).The chairperson has to guide proceedings of the seminar.

WORK SHOPS

            The approach in workshop is more practical than in seminar. All the participants in the workshop work, actively and make significant contributions. A workshop is conducted to think over more practical problems of education such as lesson planning, curriculum construction, Question paper setting etc;/ In a workshop ample time is given for individual work and study. Every participant makes intensive study of problems, which arise out of their experiences and gives practical suggestions on it then those suggestions are pub before the meetings of all the participants for the benefit of all.

            The workshop can be defined as on assembled group of ten to twenty five persons. Who share a common interest or problem? They meet together to improve their individual and skill of a subject through intensive study, research, practice and discussion.

Role of workshop in Quality improvement:

           The workshop technique is used mainly in the following areas of education.

1. New format of lesson planning.

2. Writing objectives in behavioral terms.

3. Preparing objective type tests.

4. Action research project for classroom problems.

5. Preparing models for teaching.

6. Designing programmes for Teaching Education.

The workshop helps in developing the following cognitive abilities:

1. Solving the problems of teaching profession.

2. Providing the philosophical and sociological back ground for instructional and teaching situation.

3. Identifying the educational objectives in the present situation (or) context.

4. Developing an understanding regarding the use of theme and problem.

Psychomotor Abilities such as:

1. Developing the proficiency for planning and organizing teaching and instructional activities.

2. Developing a skill to perform as task independently.

3. Determining and using of teaching strategies effectively.

4. Training the persons for using different approaches of teaching.

            We can say workshops are used to realize the higher cognitive and psychomotor objectives. It develops the Individual capacities of teachers, feelings of co-operation and group work, provides situations to study vocational problems, it introduces new practices and innovations to in-service teachers.

Procedure of workshops:

1. Presenting the theme of providing Awareness.

2. Practice the approach for its applicability.

3. Evaluate the material prepared by the participants and follow up programmes.

Mathematics Teacher

Mathematics Teacher

        “An ordinary teacher complains, an average teacher explains, a good teacher illustrates, an excellent teacher inspires”.

       It is essential to cultivate values of mathematics in students, hence it is made a compulsory subject in school.

       Good curriculum, modern methods of teaching, techniques, audio visual aids well equipped laboratory, fitting meaningful text books are all waste in the absence of an efficient teacher.

      An efficient teacher excellently well even in the absence of all these. It is the teacher who makes the latent knowledge and treasure in a person bloom systematically, and develops in him discipline, loyalty, wisdom cleverness, desire for liberty and broad outlook.

Qualities and skills of a Mathematics Teacher:

            Education system depends upon its efficient teachers the efficient teacher; there must be some specific qualities. The success or failures of a mathematics subject depend upon the mathematics teacher.

                Mathematics teacher takes the mathematics subject and deal challengingly otherwise his job is very difficult.

                Some essential qualities which are expected in a good mathematics teacher are as follows:

1. Mastery of the subject:

            No teacher can teach properly unless he has a thorough knowledge of his subject. In real sense his knowledge and information about the subject should be much higher than the students.

           The following qualifications are essential for teacher.

                Mathematics teacher should have passed Matriculation Intermediate / senior secondary Examination with mathematics as a subject.

2. Interest in the subject:

            A good teacher should have interest in the subject. Without interest in the subject he cannot teach with efficiency. He should know the importance of the subject. He could also develop interest in the subject to the students.

3. Interest in the profession:

A teacher should not take teaching work as an employment and a means of money making some teachers can do his Job successfully who have interest in this profession. In the beginning a teacher has to spend most of his time in improving his knowledge of teaching field and his techniques of teaching.

4. Resourcefulness:

            A mathematics teacher should make good resources essential for effective teaching learning. The use of teaching aids helps him for successful teaching. A teacher may present complex things in a simple way by using the appropriate aids and so, Resourcefulness is a quality of good teacher.

5. Patience and Tolerance:

            For general students, mathematics is a difficult subject. They take more time in understanding the mathematical concepts. Sometimes their responses are totally absurd. Few students are unable to learn after several repetitions. At the time teacher to be impatient. But, a good teacher should not lose his patience. He should adopt alternate methods to get success in teaching learning.

6. Proper Habits and Attitudes:

            A good mathematics teacher is expected to possess to good habits like hard work, self-confidence, patience, strong will power, systematic working, outlook, sweet speaking etc. He is also expected to have rational and scientific attitude.

7. Knowledge of Application of Mathematics:

            The Mathematics teacher should clearly know the use of the knowledge of his subject in various fields of real life. If he has a good knowledge of the application of mathematics in real life, in various vocations, in other subjects etc., he can communicate and transfer it to his students. The knowledge of applicability of subject is quite helpful in making the teaching meaningful, successful, interesting and effective.

8. Scientific out look

9. Psychological out look

10. Awareness of Aims.

11. Affectionate Behaviour towards students.

12. Mathematical skills and Analyzing Ability.

13. Leadership and organizing ability.

14. Love for the students:

A Teacher must love his students. Unless the teacher likes them, they will not like him. Like (or) dislike is a reciprocal process. If the students do not like teacher, the students will not like his subject. He should understand them, their abilities, interests, achievements etc.

15. Leadership and organizing ability:

A Teacher has to inculcate Proper habits and attitude in his students. He is ideal for them. They learn many things from his acts and behaviour. Therefore, a teacher should possess the qualities of leadership so that he can lead the students in right direction. A teacher should also be a good organizer. He is required to organize various Activities related to his subject and also some other activities in the school.

16. Awareness of Aims:

A teacher cannot do his Job successfully unless he is aware of its aims and objectives. Aimless working is useless. The Mathematics Teacher must be clear about the aims and objectives of its teaching.

Mathematics Fair

MATHEMATICS FAIR

Introduction:

           Every school should organize mathematics fair at least once a year. They should include the exhibits of the students as well as demonstrations. Film on mathematics topics, debates and declamations, music show etc, can also be organized. Both the teacher and the pupils should collaborate towards the success of the fair, through it should be mainly an activity of the students because the back ground of all the mathematic work is practical it can make an appeal to visitors, which the academic type of an activity may fail to provide. The students who take part in arranging and organizing the fair get a better understanding of the purpose of experiments and the method used.

Organization of Mathematics Fair:

            The organization of Mathematics fair should be a teacher, Pupil activity and everything should be of well in advance. The following procedure is suggested for the organization and administration of the mathematic fair.

Planning:

            Before taking up the project of organization the mathematic fair, it is very essential that the planning is thoroughly done in which the limits of the fair. During planning the following aspects should be considered.

a)      Objectivity and aims of the fair.

b)      Scope of the fair-whether limit to the school (or) open to other schools, type of programmes etc.

c)       Procedure

d)      Financing.

e)      Place, time and duration.

f)       Other factors and facility.

Distribution of work:

After planning, the work should be assigned to different individuals or groups. A number of committees may be formed which look after the different programmes and sections of the fair. For example executive, recording, reception, general management, committees and sub-committees all these committees are guided by the teacher, while distributing the work, the interest and the talents of the student should be kept in view.

Execution:

The different committees now execute the planning of the fair the exhibition is arranged and other programmes like demonstrations, talks, films, magic shows, charts, collections, models etc. are organized.

            The selected students should be made in change of various experiments and they should be given full explanation of each experiment a day before the exhibition is opened, the fair can be in arranged by some important man of mathematics people from other schools and from the community may be invited.

Judging:

The fair should be Judged by different committees of Judges for different items of the fair Judges may be chosen from amongst the individuals in the community having some back ground of math’s scientist college professors, maths teachers etc. The Judging system should be made as objectives.

            Judging Performa should be developed for each item. Performa be developed on the lines suggested below.

1.       Mathematic approach.

2.       Originality – in planning and execution.

3.       Technical skill and workmanship.

4.        Dramatic value exhibit attractive labels large and descriptions neatly presented.

5.       Personal interview presented with the respective students who exhibit.

The Judging criteria should be made well-known to the participants in the fair. These criteria may even be displayed at a prominent place for public view.

After the fair is over, the teacher and the students should evaluate it and find out whether the objectivity of the fair have been achieved (or) not. If not where day the fault lie and then try to improve it next time.

         Mathematics is an integral part of our daily lives. To help the pupils to understand this mathematics exhibitions are organized at the schools.

Objectives of the Mathematics Exhibition

1. To build different mathematics skills and concepts.
2. To show the interconnection and interdependency of different subjects with mathematics.
3. To help students learn best when presented with a concept they can manipulate and visualize.
4. To build the confidence of the students in their mathematics skills.
5. To add the fun element to the teaching learning process.
6. To enhance the team spirit.

Importance of Mathematics Exhibition/Fair

1. Mathematics fairs can help talent to surface and foster mathematical gifts in learners. They provide challenging opportunities to the gifted children.
2. Exhibition helps students to express themselves through attractive models. The

             Demonstration value of models makes them more appealing.

3. Mathematics fairs are also effective in brining desired changes in average or even slow learners.
4. The students, who lost interest in mathematics due to its abstract nature, change their attitude after understanding the concepts in a concrete way.
5. While preparing and working with models, they come very close to teachers which help them to participate in the learning process more actively.
6. There is every chance of getting appreciation from visitors and teachers, which in turn inspires them to think and work with self-confidence.
7. Students show interest in mathematics.
8. Fair and exposition are thought to make mathematics concrete and to give an opportunity to the learner to relate his/her creative talent to the learning of mathematics.